Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA)
Chemical / Technical Name: γ-Linolenic Acid (C18:3 n-6)
Common / Alternative Names: GLA
Category: Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived oils (Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis, Borage Borago officinalis, Black Currant Ribes nigrum seeds); Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Oil or Powder (microencapsulated)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA – typically 8–10% in evening primrose oil, 20–24% in borage oil, 15–18% in black currant seed oil), Supporting omega-6 fatty acids

Galactomannan
Chemical / Technical Name: Galactomannan Polysaccharide
Common / Alternative Names: Galactomannan Fiber
Category: Soluble dietary fiber / Functional polysaccharide
Raw Material Type: Natural (Plant-derived—Guar gum Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Locust bean gum Ceratonia siliqua, Fenugreek seeds); Nutraceutical / Food / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Galactomannan polysaccharides (mannose backbone with galactose side chains; galactose:mannose ratio species-dependent)

Garcinia mangostana Extract
Scientific Name: Garcinia mangostana L.
Common / Alternative Names: Mangosteen
Family: Clusiaceae (Guttiferae)
Raw Material Type: Fruit Pericarp (Rind); Dried Rind, Rind Powder, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Xanthones (α-mangostin, γ-mangostin – major), Polyphenols, Tannins, Anthocyanins (trace), Organic acids

Glucomannan
Chemical / Technical Name: Glucomannan Polysaccharide
Common / Alternative Names: Konjac Glucomannan
Category: Soluble dietary fiber / Viscous polysaccharide
Raw Material Type: Natural (Konjac root Amorphophallus konjac–derived); Nutraceutical / Food / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Glucomannan (β-1,4–linked glucose and mannose polysaccharide with high molecular weight and water-holding capacity)

Curcuminoids
Chemical / Technical Name: Curcuminoids (Polyphenolic Diarylheptanoids)
Common / Alternative Names: Curcumin Complex, Turmeric Curcuminoids
Category: Polyphenols / Anti-inflammatory antioxidants
Raw Material Type: Natural (Rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.); Standardized Herbal/Nutraceutical Extract (Powder, Granules, Enhanced-bioavailability forms)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Curcumin (major), Demethoxycurcumin (DMC), Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC)
(Standardized commonly to 90–95% total curcuminoids or customized ratios)

Fish Oil
Source: Marine Fish (e.g., Anchovy, Sardine, Mackerel, Tuna)
Common / Alternative Names: Omega-3 Fish Oil, Marine Oil
Category: Essential fatty acids / Marine lipids
Raw Material Type: Marine-derived; Crude Fish Oil, Refined & Deodorized Oil, Concentrates (TG, EE, rTG forms), Microencapsulated Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Omega-3 fatty acids – Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA – minor), Natural tocopherols (stabilizers)

Fagopyrum esculentum Extract
Scientific Name: Fagopyrum esculentum Moench
Common / Alternative Names: Common Buckwheat
Family: Polygonaceae
Raw Material Type: Seeds (Grains) and Aerial Parts; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Sprout Powder, Standardized Herbal/Nutraceutical Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Rutin (major flavonoid), Quercetin, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, D-chiro-inositol, Dietary fiber, Proteins, Minerals (magnesium, manganese)

Ellagic Acid
Chemical / Technical Name: Ellagic Acid (Polyphenolic Dilactone)
Common / Alternative Names: Ellagic Acid
Category: Polyphenol / Antioxidant
Raw Material Type: Natural (Plant-derived—Pomegranate peel Punica granatum, Amla Emblica officinalis, Berries, Oak galls) or Purified; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Ellagic acid (commonly standardized to ≥90% or ≥95% purity)

Protein Hydrolysates
Technical / Chemical Name: Enzymatically Hydrolysed Proteins (Peptides & Free Amino Acids)
Common / Alternative Names: Protein Hydrolysate, Peptide Protein
Category: Bioactive peptides / Rapid-absorption protein
Raw Material Type:
Animal-derived (Whey, Casein, Collagen, Egg), Plant-derived (Soy, Pea, Rice, Wheat), or Marine-derived (Fish); Nutraceutical / Sports / Medical Nutrition Grade Powder or Liquid
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Short-chain peptides (di- and tri-peptides), Free amino acids, Essential amino acids (EAAs), Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs – source-dependent), Bioactive peptides

Protein Isolates
Technical / Chemical Name: Protein Isolates (High-Purity Protein Fractions)
Common / Alternative Names: Isolated Protein, Protein Isolate
Category: Concentrated proteins / Nutrition ingredients
Raw Material Type:
Animal-derived (Whey protein isolate, Milk proteins, Egg protein isolate), Plant-derived (Soy, Pea, Rice, Wheat protein isolates), or Marine-derived (Fish protein isolate); Nutraceutical / Sports / Medical Nutrition Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
High protein content (typically ≥85–90%), Essential amino acids (EAAs), Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs – source-dependent), Minimal fat, carbohydrates, and lactose (for dairy isolates)

Cyperus rotundus Extract
Scientific Name: Cyperus rotundus L.
Common / Alternative Names: Nutgrass, Nagarmotha, Musta
Family: Cyperaceae
Raw Material Type: Rhizomes (Tuberous Roots); Dried Rhizome, Rhizome Powder, Essential Oil, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Sesquiterpenes (cyperene, cyperol, cyperotundone), Essential oils, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Alkaloids

Curcuma longa Extract
Scientific Name: Curcuma longa L.
Common / Alternative Names: Turmeric, Haldi
Family: Zingiberaceae
Raw Material Type: Rhizomes; Dried Rhizome, Rhizome Powder, Oleoresin, Standardized Herbal/Nutraceutical Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin), Volatile oils (turmerone, atlantone), Polysaccharides

Crataeva nurvala Extract
Scientific Name: Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham. (syn. Crataeva magna)
Common / Alternative Names: Varuna, Three-leaved Caper
Family: Capparaceae
Raw Material Type: Bark (primarily), also Roots & Leaves; Dried Bark, Bark Powder, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Triterpenoids (lupeol – key marker), Saponins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides

Citrus aurantium Extract
Scientific Name: Citrus aurantium L.
Common / Alternative Names: Bitter Orange, Seville Orange
Family: Rutaceae
Raw Material Type: Fruit Peel (Rind), sometimes Leaves & Flowers; Dried Peel, Peel Powder, Standardized Herbal/Nutraceutical Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
p-Synephrine (protoalkaloid – primary marker), Flavonoids (hesperidin, naringin), Octopamine (trace), Essential oils (limonene), Phenolic compounds

Citrus Naringenin
Chemical / Technical Name: Naringenin (Flavanone)
Common / Alternative Names: Citrus Naringenin
Category: Flavonoid / Polyphenol antioxidant
Raw Material Type: Natural (Citrus fruits—grapefruit, orange, bergamot peels; derived from naringin hydrolysis) or Purified; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Naringenin (commonly standardized to ≥95% purity), Minor related flavonoids (trace)

D-Mannose
Chemical / Technical Name: D-Mannose (Aldohexose Monosaccharide)
Common / Alternative Names: Mannose
Category: Simple sugar / Urinary-tract–support nutraceutical
Raw Material Type: Natural (Plant-derived—corn or birch–derived via hydrolysis) or Fermentation-derived; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
D-Mannose (commonly standardized to ≥99% purity)

Syzygium aromaticum Extract
Scientific Name: Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry
Common / Alternative Names: Clove, Laung
Family: Myrtaceae
Raw Material Type: Flower Buds; Dried Buds, Bud Powder, Essential Oil, Oleoresin, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Eugenol (major), Eugenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, Tannins, Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds

Linoleic Acid (LA)
Chemical / Technical Name: Linoleic Acid (C18:2 n-6)
Common / Alternative Names: LA, Omega-6 Linoleic Acid
Category: Essential fatty acid / Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived oils (Sunflower, Safflower, Soybean, Corn, Grapeseed oils) or Purified Fatty Acid; Nutraceutical / Food / Pharmaceutical Grade Oil or Powder (microencapsulated)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Linoleic acid (typically 50–80% depending on source), Minor fatty acids (oleic acid, palmitic acid – trace)

Matricaria chamomilla Extract
Scientific Name: Matricaria chamomilla L. (syn. Chamomilla recutita)
Common / Alternative Names: German Chamomile
Family: Asteraceae
Raw Material Type: Flower Heads; Dried Flowers, Flower Powder, Essential Oil, CO₂ Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Apigenin (flavonoid), Chamazulene (from matricin), α-bisabolol, Bisabolol oxides, Flavonoids, Coumarins

Campesterol
Chemical / Technical Name: Campesterol (Phytosterol)
Common / Alternative Names: Plant Sterol – Campesterol
Category: Phytosterols / Functional lipids
Raw Material Type:
Natural (Plant-derived—Vegetable oils such as Soybean, Rapeseed, Corn oil; Tall oil); Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder or Oil-dispersible Form
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Campesterol (often supplied as part of a mixed phytosterol complex alongside β-sitosterol and stigmasterol; purity varies by grade)

Carotenoids
Chemical / Technical Name: Carotenoids (Isoprenoid Pigments)
Common / Alternative Names: Natural Carotenoids, Provitamin A & Non-Provitamin A Carotenoids
Category: Pigments / Antioxidant micronutrients
Raw Material Type:
Natural (Plant-, Algae-, Microbial-derived—Marigold, Tomato, Carrot, Palm, Algae, Yeast) or Nature-identical; Nutraceutical / Food / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder, Beadlets, Oleoresin, or Oil-dispersible Form
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
β-Carotene, α-Carotene, Lycopene, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Astaxanthin, Canthaxanthin, β-Cryptoxanthin

Casein and Caseinates
Technical / Chemical Name: Casein Proteins and Casein Salts (Sodium Caseinate, Calcium Caseinate, Potassium Caseinate)
Common / Alternative Names: Milk Casein, Caseinate Protein
Category: Slow-digesting milk proteins
Raw Material Type: Dairy-derived (Skim milk–derived); Nutraceutical / Sports / Medical Nutrition Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Casein protein (α-, β-, κ-casein fractions), Essential amino acids, Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), Calcium and phosphorus (native casein)

Caulophyllum thalictroides Extract
Scientific Name: Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx.
Common / Alternative Names: Blue Cohosh
Family: Berberidaceae
Raw Material Type: Roots & Rhizomes; Dried Root/Rhizome, Powder, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alkaloids (caulophylline, magnoflorine), Triterpene saponins (caulosaponin), Glycosides, Resinous compounds

Malpighia emarginata Extract
Scientific Name: Malpighia emarginata DC. (syn. Malpighia glabra)
Common / Alternative Names: Acerola, Barbados Cherry, West Indian Cherry
Family: Malpighiaceae
Raw Material Type: Fruits; Fresh Fruit, Juice Concentrate, Spray-dried or Freeze-dried Fruit Powder, Standardized Nutraceutical Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Natural Vitamin C (ascorbic acid – very high), Polyphenols, Flavonoids (anthocyanins), Carotenoids, Minerals

Chlorogenic Acids (CGA)
Chemical / Technical Name: Chlorogenic Acids (Ester of Caffeic Acid and Quinic Acid)
Common / Alternative Names: CGA, Caffeoylquinic Acids
Category: Polyphenols / Phenolic acids
Raw Material Type:
Natural (Green Coffee Beans Coffea arabica / Coffea canephora, Yerba Mate Ilex paraguariensis, Honeysuckle) or Purified Extract; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
5-Caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA – major), 3-CQA, 4-CQA, Dicaffeoylquinic acids, Minor phenolics

Caffeic Acid
Chemical / Technical Name: Caffeic Acid (3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid)
Common / Alternative Names: Caffeic Acid
Category: Phenolic acid / Polyphenol antioxidant
Raw Material Type:
Natural (Plant-derived—Coffee beans, Green coffee, Fruits, Vegetables, Herbs; often obtained via hydrolysis of chlorogenic acids) or Purified; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Caffeic acid (commonly standardized to ≥95% or ≥98% purity)

Chondroitin Sulphate
Chemical / Technical Name: Chondroitin Sulphate (Glycosaminoglycan)
Common / Alternative Names: Chondroitin Sulfate
Category: Glycosaminoglycan / Joint-health nutraceutical
Raw Material Type:
Animal-derived (Bovine, Porcine, or Marine cartilage—shark, fish); Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Chondroitin sulphate (various sulphation patterns; typically 90–95% or higher purity depending on grade)

Biota orientalis Extract
Scientific Name: Biota orientalis (syn. Platycladus orientalis)
Common / Alternative Names: Chinese Arborvitae, Thuja orientalis
Family: Cupressaceae
Raw Material Type: Leaves (primarily), also Seeds & Cones; Dried Leaves, Leaf Powder, Essential Oil, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Flavonoids, Diterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Essential oils (thujone – trace/controlled), Tannins, Polyphenols

Biota orientalis Extract
Scientific Name: Biota orientalis (syn. Platycladus orientalis)
Common / Alternative Names: Chinese Arborvitae, Thuja orientalis
Family: Cupressaceae
Raw Material Type: Leaves (primarily), also Seeds & Cones; Dried Leaves, Leaf Powder, Essential Oil, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Flavonoids, Diterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Essential oils (thujone – trace/controlled), Tannins, Polyphenols

β-Sitosterol
Chemical / Technical Name: β-Sitosterol (Phytosterol)
Common / Alternative Names: Beta-Sitosterol, Plant Sterol
Category: Phytosterols / Functional lipids
Raw Material Type:
Natural (Plant-derived—Vegetable oils such as Soybean, Corn, Rapeseed; Tall oil; Nuts & Seeds) or Purified; Nutraceutical / Pharmaceutical Grade Powder or Oil-dispersible Form
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
β-Sitosterol (often supplied as ≥90–95% purity or as part of mixed phytosterol complexes with campesterol and stigmasterol)

Beta vulgaris
Chemical / Technical Name:
Beta vulgaris L. (Beetroot Root Powder / Extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Beetroot, Red Beet, Garden Beet
Category:
Botanical nutraceutical / Nitric-oxide–support ingredient / Functional food active
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (root); dried root powder, spray-dried juice powder, or standardized extract; nutraceutical / pharmaceutical grade
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Dietary inorganic nitrates (typically 1.5–3.0% w/w, grade-dependent)
Betalains (betacyanins such as betanin; betaxanthins)
Betaine (trimethylglycine)
Polyphenols and flavonoids
Minerals (iron, potassium, magnesium)
Folate (vitamin B9)

Bauhinia variegata
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bauhinia variegata L. (Stem bark / flower / leaf extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Kachnar, Mountain Ebony, Orchid Tree
Category:
Herbal extract / Ayurvedic medicinal plant
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (stem bark, flowers, leaves); Herbal / nutraceutical grade powder or extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol), tannins, saponins, phenolic compounds, glycosides

Bacopa monnieri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (Whole plant extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Brahmi, Water Hyssop, Thyme-leaved Gratiola
Category:
Herbal extract / Nootropic & cognitive-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (whole aerial parts); Herbal / nutraceutical grade powder or standardized extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Bacosides (A & B – primary actives), bacopasaponins, alkaloids, flavonoids (standardized extracts typically 10–55% bacosides)

Arachidonic Acid (ARA)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Arachidonic Acid (cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid)
Common / Alternative Names:
ARA, AA, Eicosatetraenoic Acid
Category:
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) / Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical lipid ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Fermentation-derived (fungal source such as Mortierella alpina) or animal-derived; nutraceutical / pharmaceutical grade oil or microencapsulated powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Arachidonic acid (typically ≥40–50% in oils; standardized content in encapsulated powders depending on carrier system)

Anthocyanin
Chemical / Technical Name:
Anthocyanins (glycosylated flavonoid pigments; e.g., cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin derivatives)
Common / Alternative Names:
Anthocyanosides, Anthocyanidins (aglycone form), Natural plant pigments
Category:
Polyphenol / Antioxidant nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived extracts (commonly from berries, grape skin, black carrot, purple corn, elderberry); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or liquid extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Total anthocyanins (standardized typically 1–40% depending on source), individual anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-glucoside

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Alpha-Lipoic Acid (1,2-Dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid)
(R-ALA or Racemic ALA)
Common / Alternative Names:
ALA, Thioctic Acid, Lipoic Acid
Category:
Antioxidant / Mitochondrial & metabolic-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Synthetic (bioidentical); Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade crystalline powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alpha-lipoic acid (≥99% purity); R-Alpha Lipoic Acid preferred for higher bioactivity

Alpha-Galactosidase
Chemical / Technical Name:
α-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22)
Common / Alternative Names:
Alpha-Galactosidase Enzyme, α-GAL
Category:
Digestive enzyme / Oligosaccharide-degrading nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived (commonly from Aspergillus niger or Saccharomyces spp.); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or liquid
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alpha-galactosidase enzyme activity (expressed in GalU, GALU, or equivalent units; potency grade-specific)

Alpha Mangostin
Chemical / Technical Name:
α-Mangostin (Xanthone derivative)
Common / Alternative Names:
Alpha-Mangostin, Mangostin A
Category:
Xanthone polyphenol / Antioxidant & bioactive nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (extracted from pericarp/rind of Garcinia mangostana); Nutraceutical / phytopharmaceutical grade powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alpha-mangostin (standardized extracts typically 10–95% depending on grade), with minor xanthones (γ-mangostin, gartanin)

Bacillus clausii
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bacillus clausii (spore-forming probiotic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. clausii, Probiotic spores, Antibiotic-resistant probiotic strain (strain-specific)
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade spore powder or liquid suspension
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bacillus clausii spores (potency declared as CFU – commonly 1–4 billion CFU per dose; strain-dependent)

Lactobacillus gasseri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus gasseri (currently classified as Lacticaseibacillus gasseri) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. gasseri, Lacticaseibacillus gasseri
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, metabolic & women’s health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus gasseri cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving, strain-specific)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Chemical / Technical Name:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker’s yeast / Brewer’s yeast)
Common / Alternative Names:
Brewer’s Yeast, Baker’s Yeast, Nutritional Yeast (inactive forms)
Category:
Probiotic / Postbiotic / Functional yeast nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade (active or inactive; powder or flakes)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
β-Glucans (cell wall polysaccharides), mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), B-complex vitamins (inactive forms), proteins, peptides, minerals (chromium—source/grade dependent)

Bifidobacterium bifidum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium bifidum (probiotic anaerobic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. bifidum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & pediatric-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium bifidum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus delbrueckii
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus delbrueckii (currently classified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus / subsp. lactis – strain dependent)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. delbrueckii, L. bulgaricus (subspecies-specific)
Category:
Probiotic / Digestive, gut-health & dairy-origin nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus delbrueckii cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus gallinarum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus gallinarum (lactic acid–producing probiotic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. gallinarum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus gallinarum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus helveticus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus helveticus (currently classified as Lactobacillus helveticus) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. helveticus
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & bioactive peptide–producing nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus helveticus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bifidobacterium infantis
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (probiotic anaerobic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. infantis, Bifidobacterium infantis
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & pediatric-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium infantis cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bifidobacterium longum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium longum (probiotic anaerobic bacterium; includes subspecies longum and infantis)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. longum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, cognitive & pediatric-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium longum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus caucasicus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus caucasicus (historically reported lactic acid bacterium; taxonomy in modern literature is limited and may overlap with related Lactobacillus spp.)
Common / Alternative Names:
Kefir Lactobacillus, Caucasus kefir bacterium (traditional reference)
Category:
Probiotic / Fermented-food–associated gut-health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & food-grade freeze-dried powder (availability is strain- and supplier-specific)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus caucasicus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving where available)

Lactobacillus fermentum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus fermentum (currently classified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. fermentum, Limosilactobacillus fermentum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, antioxidant & metabolic-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus fermentum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bacillus coagulans
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bacillus coagulans (spore-forming lactic acid–producing bacterium; also referred to as Weizmannia coagulans)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. coagulans, Spore-based probiotic, Lactic acid–forming Bacillus
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, digestive & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade spore powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bacillus coagulans spores (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 0.5–6 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (thermophilic lactic acid bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. bulgaricus, Yogurt culture bacterium
Category:
Probiotic / Digestive & gut-health nutraceutical ingredient (starter-culture origin)
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus casei
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus casei (currently classified as Lacticaseibacillus casei) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. casei, Lacticaseibacillus casei
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & digestive-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus casei cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus salivarius
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus salivarius (currently classified as Ligilactobacillus salivarius) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. salivarius, Ligilactobacillus salivarius
Category:
Probiotic / Oral, gut-health & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus salivarius cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus reuteri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus reuteri (currently classified as Limosilactobacillus reuteri) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. reuteri, Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, oral & infant-health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus reuteri cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Pectin
Chemical / Technical Name:
Pectin (complex heteropolysaccharide rich in galacturonic acid)
Common / Alternative Names:
Citrus Pectin, Apple Pectin, HM Pectin (High Methoxyl), LM Pectin (Low Methoxyl)
Category:
Dietary fiber / Functional polysaccharide & excipient nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (primarily from citrus peel or apple pomace); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Polygalacturonic acid chains (degree of esterification varies by grade); soluble dietary fiber (typically ≥70–85%)

Galacto-Oligosaccharides (GOS)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Galacto-oligosaccharides (β-linked galactose polymers with terminal glucose)
Common / Alternative Names:
GOS, Trans-galacto-oligosaccharides, Prebiotic GOS
Category:
Prebiotic carbohydrate / Functional dietary fiber nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Enzymatically synthesized (from lactose using β-galactosidase); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or syrup
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Galacto-oligosaccharides (typically ≥70–90% on dry basis depending on grade), minor lactose, glucose, galactose (grade-specific)

Lactitol
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactitol Monohydrate (4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Lactitol Monohydrate, Lactitol Sugar Alcohol
Category:
Sugar alcohol / Prebiotic & osmotic laxative nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Semi-synthetic (hydrogenation of lactose); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade crystalline powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Lactitol (≥98–99% purity depending on grade)

Sorbitol
Chemical / Technical Name:
D-Sorbitol (D-Glucitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Sorbitol Powder, Sorbitol Syrup, Glucitol
Category:
Sugar alcohol (polyol) / Sweetener, humectant & pharmaceutical excipient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (industrially produced by hydrogenation of glucose from corn or other starch sources); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or liquid (70% solution)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Sorbitol (≥98–99% purity for powder grades; ~70% w/w for syrup)

Isomalt
Chemical / Technical Name:
Isomalt (mixture of 6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol and 1-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Isomaltulose-derived Polyol, Palatinite® (trade reference)
Category:
Sugar alcohol (polyol) / Sweetener & bulking agent nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (produced from sucrose via enzymatic conversion and hydrogenation); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or granules
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Isomalt (≥98–99% purity, grade-specific)

Lactoferrin
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactoferrin (Iron-binding glycoprotein; ~80 kDa)
Common / Alternative Names:
LF, Milk Lactoferrin, Bovine Lactoferrin (BLF)
Category:
Bioactive protein / Immune, gut-health & antimicrobial nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Animal-derived (primarily bovine milk/whey); Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder (spray-dried or freeze-dried)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Lactoferrin (≥90–98% protein purity depending on grade); iron-saturated or apo-lactoferrin forms (grade-specific)

Lactulose
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactulose (4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-fructose)
Common / Alternative Names:
Lactulose Syrup, Synthetic Disaccharide
Category:
Prebiotic carbohydrate / Osmotic laxative & gut-health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Synthetic (isomerization of lactose); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade syrup or crystalline powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Lactulose (typically ≥65–67% w/w in syrup; ≥98% purity in crystalline grades)

Genti-Oligosaccharides (Gentiobiose Oligosaccharides)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Genti-oligosaccharides (mixture of β-linked glucose oligomers; primarily gentiobiose-based)
Common / Alternative Names:
Gentio-oligosaccharides, GOS-G (distinct from galacto-oligosaccharides), Gentiobiose Oligosaccharides
Category:
Prebiotic carbohydrate / Functional dietary fiber nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Enzymatically synthesized (from glucose or starch via transglycosylation); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or syrup
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Gentiobiose and higher gentio-oligomers (degree of polymerization typically DP2–DP5); total oligosaccharides usually ≥70–90% (grade-specific)

Gluco-Oligosaccharides (Gluco-OS / Gluco-oligosaccharides)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Gluco-oligosaccharides (α- or β-linked glucose oligomers; DP typically 2–10)
Common / Alternative Names:
Glucose Oligosaccharides, Gluco-OS, Malto-oligosaccharides (context/grade dependent)
Category:
Prebiotic carbohydrate / Functional dietary fiber nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (enzymatic hydrolysis or transglycosylation of starch from corn, rice, wheat, tapioca); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or syrup
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Glucose oligomers (DP2–DP10; typically ≥70–95% total oligosaccharides depending on grade), low mono-/disaccharides

Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Fructo-oligosaccharides (β-(2→1) linked fructose oligomers, often with terminal glucose)
Common / Alternative Names:
FOS, Oligofructose, Short-chain Fructans
Category:
Prebiotic carbohydrate / Functional dietary fiber nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin from chicory root or enzymatic synthesis from sucrose); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or syrup
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Fructo-oligosaccharides (DP typically 2–9; usually ≥90–95% on dry basis depending on grade)

Polydextrose
Chemical / Technical Name:
Polydextrose (randomly bonded glucose polymer with sorbitol and citric acid residues)
Common / Alternative Names:
PDX, Polydextrose Fiber, Soluble Fiber Polydextrose
Category:
Soluble dietary fiber / Functional carbohydrate nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Synthetic (polymerization of glucose with sorbitol and citric acid); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or granules
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Polydextrose (≥90% soluble dietary fiber on dry basis); low mono-/disaccharides

Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Vaccinium myrtillus L. (Fruit extract / dried berries)
Common / Alternative Names:
Bilberry, European Blueberry, Whortleberry
Category:
Herbal extract / Polyphenol & anthocyanin-rich nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (ripe berries/fruits); Nutraceutical & phytopharmaceutical grade powder or standardized extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Anthocyanins (commonly standardized to 25–36% total anthocyanosides), flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins

Spirulina platensis
Chemical / Technical Name:
Spirulina platensis (syn. Arthrospira platensis) – dried whole biomass
Common / Alternative Names:
Spirulina, Blue-Green Algae, Arthrospira
Category:
Algal nutraceutical / Superfood & protein-rich functional ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microalgae-derived (cultivated in controlled aquatic systems); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or granules
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Phycocyanin (major bioactive pigment), proteins (≈55–70%), essential amino acids, chlorophyll, carotenoids (β-carotene), vitamins (B-complex), minerals (iron, magnesium), polysaccharides