Inositol
Chemical / Technical Name:
Myo-Inositol (cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol)
(also available: D-Chiro-Inositol; ratios are formulation-specific)
Common / Alternative Names:
Vitamin B8 (historical term), Myo-Inositol, Inositol
Category:
Vitamin-like compound / Metabolic, hormonal & neurological-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived or synthetic (bioidentical); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade crystalline powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Myo-Inositol ≥99% purity (D-Chiro-Inositol available in ≥98% purity)

Maltitol
Chemical / Technical Name:
Maltitol (4-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Maltitol Powder, Maltitol Syrup, Hydrogenated Maltose
Category:
Sugar alcohol (polyol) / Sweetener & bulking agent nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (hydrogenation of maltose from starch sources such as corn or wheat); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or syrup
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Maltitol (≥95–99% purity for powder grades; variable concentration for syrups)

Sorbitol
Chemical / Technical Name:
D-Sorbitol (D-Glucitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Sorbitol Powder, Sorbitol Syrup, Glucitol
Category:
Sugar alcohol (polyol) / Sweetener, humectant & pharmaceutical excipient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (industrially produced by hydrogenation of glucose from corn or other starch sources); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or liquid (70% solution)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Sorbitol (≥98–99% purity for powder grades; ~70% w/w for syrup)

Lactitol
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactitol Monohydrate (4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol)
Common / Alternative Names:
Lactitol Monohydrate, Lactitol Sugar Alcohol
Category:
Sugar alcohol / Prebiotic & osmotic laxative nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Semi-synthetic (hydrogenation of lactose); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade crystalline powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Lactitol (≥98–99% purity depending on grade)

Lactobacillus acidophilus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus acidophilus (currently classified as Lactobacillus acidophilus) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. acidophilus, Acidophilus
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, digestive & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus acidophilus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus plantarum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus plantarum (currently classified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. plantarum, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, antioxidant & metabolic-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus plantarum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus reuteri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus reuteri (currently classified as Limosilactobacillus reuteri) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. reuteri, Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, oral & infant-health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus reuteri cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus brevis
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus brevis (currently classified as Levilactobacillus brevis) – heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. brevis, Levilactobacillus brevis
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & functional-fermentation nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus brevis cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus johnsonii
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus johnsonii (currently classified as Ligilactobacillus johnsonii) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. johnsonii, Ligilactobacillus johnsonii
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & gastrointestinal-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus johnsonii cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (thermophilic lactic acid bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. bulgaricus, Yogurt culture bacterium
Category:
Probiotic / Digestive & gut-health nutraceutical ingredient (starter-culture origin)
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bacillus coagulans
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bacillus coagulans (spore-forming lactic acid–producing bacterium; also referred to as Weizmannia coagulans)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. coagulans, Spore-based probiotic, Lactic acid–forming Bacillus
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, digestive & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade spore powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bacillus coagulans spores (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 0.5–6 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bifidobacterium lactis
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis
Common / Alternative Names:
B. lactis, B. animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12® (strain-specific reference)
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & digestive-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium lactis cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bifidobacterium breve
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium breve (probiotic anaerobic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. breve
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & pediatric-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium breve cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Bifidobacterium longum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bifidobacterium longum (probiotic anaerobic bacterium; includes subspecies longum and infantis)
Common / Alternative Names:
B. longum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune, cognitive & pediatric-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Bifidobacterium longum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus amylovorus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus amylovorus (currently classified as Ligilactobacillus amylovorus) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. amylovorus, Ligilactobacillus amylovorus
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, metabolic & antimicrobial-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus amylovorus cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus gallinarum
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus gallinarum (lactic acid–producing probiotic bacterium)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. gallinarum
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health & immune-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus gallinarum cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus delbrueckii
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus delbrueckii (currently classified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus / subsp. lactis – strain dependent)
Common / Alternative Names:
L. delbrueckii, L. bulgaricus (subspecies-specific)
Category:
Probiotic / Digestive, gut-health & dairy-origin nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus delbrueckii cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–10 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Lactobacillus paracasei
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus paracasei (currently classified as Lacticaseibacillus paracasei) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. paracasei, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, immune & metabolic-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus paracasei cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving; strain-specific)

Saccharomyces boulardii
Chemical / Technical Name:
Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (probiotic yeast)
Common / Alternative Names:
S. boulardii, Probiotic yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health & gastrointestinal-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived yeast; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Saccharomyces boulardii cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 2–10 billion CFU per serving, strain-specific), yeast cell wall components (β-glucans, mannans)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Chemical / Technical Name:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker’s yeast / Brewer’s yeast)
Common / Alternative Names:
Brewer’s Yeast, Baker’s Yeast, Nutritional Yeast (inactive forms)
Category:
Probiotic / Postbiotic / Functional yeast nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade (active or inactive; powder or flakes)
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
β-Glucans (cell wall polysaccharides), mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), B-complex vitamins (inactive forms), proteins, peptides, minerals (chromium—source/grade dependent)

Lactobacillus gasseri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Lactobacillus gasseri (currently classified as Lacticaseibacillus gasseri) – probiotic lactic acid bacterium
Common / Alternative Names:
L. gasseri, Lacticaseibacillus gasseri
Category:
Probiotic / Gut-health, metabolic & women’s health nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived; Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade freeze-dried powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Viable Lactobacillus gasseri cells (potency expressed in CFU; commonly 1–20 billion CFU per serving, strain-specific)

Aloe vera – Ghrit Kumari
Chemical / Technical Name:
Aloe barbadensis Mill. (syn. Aloe vera L.) – Leaf gel / inner fillet extract
Common / Alternative Names:
Ghrit Kumari, Aloe Vera, Indian Aloe, Kumari
Category:
Herbal extract / Functional botanical nutraceutical & cosmeceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (fresh leaves – inner gel/fillet); Food, nutraceutical, cosmetic & pharmaceutical grade powder or liquid extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Polysaccharides (acemannan – primary), glucomannans, anthraquinones (aloins—controlled/low in decolorized grades), vitamins, minerals, amino acids, enzymes

Alpha Mangostin
Chemical / Technical Name:
α-Mangostin (Xanthone derivative)
Common / Alternative Names:
Alpha-Mangostin, Mangostin A
Category:
Xanthone polyphenol / Antioxidant & bioactive nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (extracted from pericarp/rind of Garcinia mangostana); Nutraceutical / phytopharmaceutical grade powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alpha-mangostin (standardized extracts typically 10–95% depending on grade), with minor xanthones (γ-mangostin, gartanin)

Amaranthus tricolor – Marisha-Rakt Extract
Chemical / Technical Name:
Amaranthus tricolor L. (Aerial parts / leaf extract – red variety)
Common / Alternative Names:
Red Amaranth, Red Spinach, Lal Chaulai, Marisha-Rakt (traditional reference)
Category:
Herbal extract / Phytonutrient & antioxidant nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (leaves and tender aerial parts); Food & nutraceutical grade powder or standardized extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Betalains (betacyanins), flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, vitamins (A, C), minerals (iron, calcium), dietary nitrates

Amylase
Chemical / Technical Name:
α-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1)
Common / Alternative Names:
Alpha-Amylase, Diastase (traditional reference)
Category:
Digestive enzyme / Carbohydrate-digesting nutraceutical & pharmaceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Microbial fermentation–derived (commonly Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus spp.); Food, nutraceutical & pharmaceutical grade powder or liquid
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Amylase enzyme activity (expressed in DU, SKB, or IU units; potency grade-specific)

Arachidonic Acid (ARA)
Chemical / Technical Name:
Arachidonic Acid (cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid)
Common / Alternative Names:
ARA, AA, Eicosatetraenoic Acid
Category:
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) / Nutraceutical & pharmaceutical lipid ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Fermentation-derived (fungal source such as Mortierella alpina) or animal-derived; nutraceutical / pharmaceutical grade oil or microencapsulated powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Arachidonic acid (typically ≥40–50% in oils; standardized content in encapsulated powders depending on carrier system)

Asparagus densiflorus
Chemical / Technical Name:
Asparagus densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop (Root / aerial parts extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Sprenger’s Asparagus, Asparagus Fern (medicinal reference), Wild Asparagus (regional use)
Category:
Herbal extract / Adaptogenic & tonic nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (roots and aerial parts); Herbal / nutraceutical grade powder or standardized extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Steroidal saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds

Bacopa monnieri
Chemical / Technical Name:
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (Whole plant extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Brahmi, Water Hyssop, Thyme-leaved Gratiola
Category:
Herbal extract / Nootropic & cognitive-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (whole aerial parts); Herbal / nutraceutical grade powder or standardized extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Bacosides (A & B – primary actives), bacopasaponins, alkaloids, flavonoids (standardized extracts typically 10–55% bacosides)

Beta Ecdysterone
Chemical / Technical Name:
20-Hydroxyecdysone (Ecdysterone)
Common / Alternative Names:
β-Ecdysterone, Ecdysterone, 20-Hydroxyecdysone
Category:
Phytoecdysteroid / Anabolic-support nutraceutical ingredient
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived extract (commonly from Cyanotis arachnoidea, Rhaponticum carthamoides); Nutraceutical grade powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Beta-ecdysterone (standardized extracts typically 90–98% purity)

β-Glucans
Chemical / Technical Name:
β-Glucans (β-D-glucopyranosyl polysaccharides)
Common / Alternative Names:
Beta Glucan, β-1,3/1,4-Glucan, β-1,3/1,6-Glucan (source-dependent)
Category:
Polysaccharide / Immunomodulatory nutraceutical / Functional fiber
Raw Material Type:
Natural polysaccharide derived from cereals (oats, barley), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), fungi, algae, or bacteria; nutraceutical / pharmaceutical grade powder
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
β-Glucans with defined linkage patterns:
– β-(1→3), β-(1→6) glucans (yeast, mushroom origin)
– β-(1→3), β-(1→4) glucans (oat, barley origin)
Typical purity: 60–95% β-glucans depending on source and grade
Molecular weight: source- and process-dependent (critical functional parameter)

Beta vulgaris
Chemical / Technical Name:
Beta vulgaris L. (Beetroot Root Powder / Extract)
Common / Alternative Names:
Beetroot, Red Beet, Garden Beet
Category:
Botanical nutraceutical / Nitric-oxide–support ingredient / Functional food active
Raw Material Type:
Plant-derived (root); dried root powder, spray-dried juice powder, or standardized extract; nutraceutical / pharmaceutical grade
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Dietary inorganic nitrates (typically 1.5–3.0% w/w, grade-dependent)
Betalains (betacyanins such as betanin; betaxanthins)
Betaine (trimethylglycine)
Polyphenols and flavonoids
Minerals (iron, potassium, magnesium)
Folate (vitamin B9)