Citrus medica (Citron / Bijora)
Common / Alternative Names:
Citron, Bijora, Buddha’s Hand (variety), Citron Lemon
Family:
Rutaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Peel; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Peel Powder, Essential Oil, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid), Flavonoids (Hesperidin, Diosmin, Eriocitrin), Limonoids, Polyphenols, Pectin, Essential oils (Limonene, Citral, Linalool), Minerals (Potassium, Calcium)

Citrus reticulata (Mandarin Orange / Santra)
Common / Alternative Names:
Mandarin Orange, Mandarin, Tangerine, Clementine (varieties), Santra, Kinnow
Family:
Rutaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Peel; Fresh Fruit, Juice Concentrate, Fruit Powder, Peel Powder, Essential Oil, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid), Flavonoids (Hesperidin, Narirutin, Nobiletin, Tangeretin), Carotenoids (β-Cryptoxanthin), Limonoids, Polyphenols, Essential oils (Limonene), Minerals (Potassium, Calcium)

Citrullus vulgaris (Watermelon / Tarbooj)
Common / Alternative Names:
Watermelon, Tarbooj, Citrullus lanatus (synonym)
Family:
Cucurbitaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Seeds; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Seed Powder, Seed Oil, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Lycopene (major), L-Citrulline, Arginine (precursor), Polyphenols, Vitamins (A, C), Minerals (Potassium, Magnesium), Essential fatty acids (from seeds)

Cinnamomum tamala Nees (Indian Bay Leaf / Tej Patta)
Common / Alternative Names:
Indian Bay Leaf, Tej Patta, Malabathrum, Tamalpatra
Family:
Lauraceae
Raw Material Type:
Leaves; Dried Leaves, Leaf Powder, Essential Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Essential oils (Cinnamaldehyde, Eugenol, Linalool), Flavonoids, Tannins, Polyphenols, Terpenoids

Cicca acida (Star Gooseberry / Amla-like Berry)
Common / Alternative Names:
Star Gooseberry, Otaheite Gooseberry, Tahitian Gooseberry, Arinelli, Nelli Kai (regional)
Family:
Phyllanthaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Leaves; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Vitamin C, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Tannins, Organic acids, Minerals (Calcium, Potassium, Iron)

Chlorophytum borivilianum (Safed Musli)
Common / Alternative Names:
Safed Musli, White Musli, Indian Spider Plant
Family:
Asparagaceae (formerly Liliaceae)
Raw Material Type:
Roots (Tuberous); Dried Root, Root Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Steroidal saponins (major), Alkaloids, Polysaccharides, Flavonoids, Proteins, Carbohydrates

Cassia occidentalis (Kasamarda / Coffee Senna)
Common / Alternative Names:
Kasamarda, Coffee Senna, Negro Coffee, Stinking Weed
Family:
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Raw Material Type:
Leaves, Seeds, Roots; Leaf Powder, Seed Powder, Root Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Anthraquinones (Emodin, Chrysophanol), Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Phenolic compounds, Tannins, Glycosides

Cassia fistula (Amaltas / Golden Shower Tree)
Common / Alternative Names:
Amaltas, Golden Shower Tree, Aragvadha, Indian Laburnum
Family:
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Raw Material Type:
Fruits (Pods & Pulp), Seeds, Bark; Fruit Pulp, Fruit Powder, Seed Powder, Bark Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Anthraquinones (Rhein, Emodin, Chrysophanol), Flavonoids, Tannins, Sugars, Phenolic compounds, Glycosides

Celosia argentea (Cockscomb / Sitasir)
Common / Alternative Names:
Cockscomb, Silver Cockscomb, Sitasir, Safed Murga, Quail Grass
Family:
Amaranthaceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Leaves, Flowers; Seed Powder, Leaf Powder, Flower Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Saponins, Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Triterpenoids, Polysaccharides, Minerals

Celastrus paniculatus (Jyotishmati / Malkangani)
Common / Alternative Names:
Jyotishmati, Malkangani, Intellect Tree, Black Oil Plant
Family:
Celastraceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Seed Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Sesquiterpene alkaloids (Celastrine, Paniculatine), Fatty acids (Oleic, Linoleic), Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Sterols

Celastrus paniculata (Jyotishmati / Malkangani)
Common / Alternative Names:
Jyotishmati, Malkangani, Intellect Tree, Black Oil Plant
Family:
Celastraceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Seed Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Sesquiterpene alkaloids (Celastrine, Paniculatine), Fatty acids (Oleic, Linoleic), Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Sterols

Carissa carandas (Karonda / Bengal Currant)
Common / Alternative Names:
Karonda, Bengal Currant, Christ’s Thorn (regional usage), Karaunda
Family:
Apocynaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Leaves, Roots; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Leaf Powder, Root Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Vitamin C, Anthocyanins, Flavonoids, Tannins, Phenolic acids, Alkaloids (carissine), Organic acids, Minerals (Iron, Calcium)

Carica papaya (Papaya / Papita)
Common / Alternative Names:
Papaya, Papita, Pawpaw
Family:
Caricaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Seeds, Leaves, Latex; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Seed Powder, Leaf Powder, Papaya Latex, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Papain and Chymopapain (proteolytic enzymes), Carotenoids (β-Carotene, Lycopene), Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Vitamins (A, C, E), Alkaloids (Carpaine), Minerals (Potassium, Magnesium)

Capsicum frutescens (Chilli / Bird’s Eye Chilli)
Common / Alternative Names:
Chilli, Bird’s Eye Chilli, Hot Pepper, Lal Mirch, Tabasco Pepper
Family:
Solanaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits; Whole Dried Fruits, Fruit Powder, Oleoresin, Capsaicin-rich Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Capsaicinoids (Capsaicin, Dihydrocapsaicin), Carotenoids (Capsanthin, Capsorubin), Flavonoids, Vitamins (A, C, E), Volatile compounds

Capparis decidua (Kair / Ker)
Common / Alternative Names:
Kair, Ker, Desert Caper, Karir
Family:
Capparaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Bark, Roots, Leaves; Dried Fruits, Fruit Powder, Bark Powder, Root Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alkaloids (Capparisine, Isocodonocarpine), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Glycosides, Triterpenoids, Minerals

Canscora decussata (Shankhpushpi / Ghanti)
Common / Alternative Names:
Shankhpushpi (one of the botanical sources), Ghanti, Blue Canscora
Family:
Gentianaceae
Raw Material Type:
Whole Plant; Aerial Parts, Dried Herb Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Xanthones (Canscorin), Bitter glycosides, Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Triterpenoids

Canavalia ensiformis (Jack Bean / Sword Bean)
Common / Alternative Names:
Jack Bean, Sword Bean, Ensiform Bean
Family:
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Leaves; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Defatted Seed Meal, Protein-rich Extract, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Nutritional/Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Proteins and peptides, L-Canavanine (non-protein amino acid), Concanavalin A (lectin), Urease enzyme, Polyphenols, Minerals (Iron, Calcium)

Caesalpinia bonducella (Karanja / Fever Nut / Kantakari)
Common / Alternative Names:
Bonduc Nut, Fever Nut, Karanja (regional), Kantakari (regional usage), Nata Karanja
Family:
Fabaceae (Caesalpiniaceae)
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Seed Kernels, Leaves, Roots; Whole Seeds, Seed Kernel Powder, Leaf Powder, Root Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Diterpenoids (Bonducellin), Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Glycosides, Fixed oils (seeds)

Carthamus tinctorius (Safflower / Kusum)
Common / Alternative Names:
Safflower, Kusum, Kardi, Kusumbha
Family:
Asteraceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Flowers; Whole Seeds, Seed Oil, Defatted Seed Meal, Flower Petals, Flower Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Linoleic acid (omega-6, seeds), Oleic acid, Flavonoids (Carthamin, Safflor Yellow A/B), Polyphenols, Tocopherols (Vitamin E), Phytosterols

Blepharis edulis (Utangan / Desert Blepharis)
Common / Alternative Names:
Blepharis, Utangan, Desert Blepharis, Acanthus (regional)
Family:
Acanthaceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Leaves; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Proteins, Essential amino acids, Fixed oils (seeds), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Saponins, Minerals

Boswellia serrata (Salai Guggul / Indian Frankincense)
Common / Alternative Names:
Salai Guggul, Indian Frankincense, Shallaki, Salai
Family:
Burseraceae
Raw Material Type:
Resin (Gum Oleoresin); Raw Resin, Resin Powder, Boswellic Acid–Standardized Extract, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Boswellic acids (AKBA, KBA, β-Boswellic acid), Terpenoids, Essential oils, Resin acids

Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra Palm / Taal)
Common / Alternative Names:
Palmyra Palm, Taal, Tadgola, Toddy Palm
Family:
Arecaceae (Palmae)
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Sap, Seeds, Roots; Fruit Pulp, Seed (Endosperm), Sap (Neera), Palm Sugar/Jaggery, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Natural sugars (Sucrose, Glucose, Fructose), Dietary fiber, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Vitamins (A, B-complex, C), Minerals (Potassium, Iron, Calcium, Magnesium), Antioxidants

Brassica campestris (Field Mustard / Sarson)
Common / Alternative Names:
Field Mustard, Sarson, Rapeseed (regional), Mustard Greens
Family:
Brassicaceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds, Leaves; Whole Seeds, Seed Powder, Mustard Oil, Defatted Meal, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Nutritional/Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Glucosinolates (Sinigrin), Allyl isothiocyanate, Fatty acids (Erucic acid, Oleic acid), Proteins, Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Vitamins (A, C, K)

Buchanania lanzan (Chironji / Charoli)
Common / Alternative Names:
Chironji, Charoli, Cuddapah Almond, Piyal
Family:
Anacardiaceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds (Kernels), Bark; Whole Seeds, Seed Kernel, Kernel Powder, Fixed Oil, Bark Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Healthy fats (Oleic and Linoleic acids), Proteins, Phytosterols, Polyphenols, Vitamins (E), Minerals (Calcium, Iron, Magnesium)

Butea monosperma (Palash / Flame of the Forest)
Common / Alternative Names:
Palash, Flame of the Forest, Dhak, Tesu
Family:
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Raw Material Type:
Flowers, Seeds, Bark, Gum; Flower Powder, Seed Powder, Bark Powder, Gum (Kamarkas), Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Flavonoids (Butrin, Isobutrin), Chalcones, Tannins, Glycosides, Sterols, Fixed oils (seeds), Mucilage (gum)

Averrhoa carambola (Star Fruit / Kamrakh)
Common / Alternative Names:
Star Fruit, Carambola, Kamrakh, Five-Finger Fruit
Family:
Oxalidaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Leaves; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Juice Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Vitamin C, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Dietary fiber, Organic acids (Oxalic acid), Minerals (Potassium, Magnesium), Antioxidants

Azadirachta indica (Neem)
Common / Alternative Names:
Neem, Indian Neem, Margosa Tree, Nimba
Family:
Meliaceae
Raw Material Type:
Leaves, Bark, Seeds, Flowers, Oil; Leaf Powder, Bark Powder, Seed Kernel Powder, Neem Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Limonoids (Azadirachtin – major), Nimbin, Nimbidin, Nimbolide, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Fatty acids (seed oil)

Bambusa arundinacea (Bamboo / Vansh)
Common / Alternative Names:
Bamboo, Vansh, Indian Bamboo, Thorny Bamboo
Family:
Poaceae (Gramineae)
Raw Material Type:
Leaves, Shoots, Siliceous Concretions (Tabasheer); Leaf Powder, Shoot Powder, Bamboo Manna (Vanshlochan/Tabasheer), Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Silica (major in Vanshlochan), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Glycosides, Amino acids, Minerals (Potassium, Calcium)

Benincasa hispida (Ash Gourd / Winter Melon)
Common / Alternative Names:
Ash Gourd, Winter Melon, White Pumpkin, Petha, Kushmanda
Family:
Cucurbitaceae
Raw Material Type:
Fruits, Seeds; Fresh Fruit, Fruit Powder, Juice Powder, Seed Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Triterpenoids, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Vitamins (C, B-complex), Minerals (Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium), Dietary fiber, Amino acids

Berberis aristata (Daruharidra / Indian Barberry)
Common / Alternative Names:
Daruharidra, Indian Barberry, Tree Turmeric, Chitra
Family:
Berberidaceae
Raw Material Type:
Roots, Stem Bark; Dried Root, Stem Bark, Bark Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Berberine-Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Berberine (major), Palmatine, Jatrorrhizine, Oxyacanthine, Alkaloids, Phenolic compounds

Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut / Peanut)
Common / Alternative Names:
Groundnut, Peanut, Earthnut, Moongphali
Family:
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Raw Material Type:
Seeds; Whole Seeds, Roasted Seeds, Seed Powder, Peanut Oil, Defatted Meal, Protein Concentrate, Standardized Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Healthy fats (Monounsaturated & Polyunsaturated fatty acids), Plant proteins, Resveratrol, Polyphenols, Phytosterols, Vitamins (E, B-complex, Niacin), Minerals (Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium)

Argyreia speciosa (Vridha Daraka / Elephant Creeper)
Common / Alternative Names:
Vridha Daraka, Elephant Creeper, Samudrashok, Hawaiian Baby Woodrose (related species)
Family:
Convolvulaceae
Raw Material Type:
Roots, Seeds, Leaves; Root Powder, Seed Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Alkaloids (Ergoline-type – trace), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Glycosides, Triterpenoids, Saponins

Armoracia lapathifolia (Horseradish)
Common / Alternative Names:
Horseradish, Red Cole, Mountain Radish
Family:
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)
Raw Material Type:
Roots; Fresh Root, Dried Root Powder, Root Extract, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Glucosinolates (Sinigrin – major), Allyl isothiocyanate, Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Vitamin C, Minerals (Potassium, Calcium)

Asparagus adscendens (Safed Musli – Shweta Musli)
Common / Alternative Names:
Safed Musli (Shweta Musli), Asparagus adscendens Roxb., Indian Asparagus
Family:
Asparagaceae (formerly Liliaceae)
Raw Material Type:
Roots (Tuberous); Dried Roots, Root Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Steroidal saponins (Shatavarins-type), Alkaloids, Polysaccharides, Flavonoids, Proteins, Amino acids, Trace minerals

Angelica glauca Edgew. (Chora / Himalayan Angelica)
Common / Alternative Names:
Chora, Choraka, Himalayan Angelica, Gandhrayan (regional)
Family:
Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
Raw Material Type:
Roots, Rhizomes; Dried Root, Root Powder, Essential Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Essential oils (α-Pinene, β-Phellandrene, Limonene), Coumarins, Furanocoumarins, Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Terpenoids

Anacardium occidentale (Cashew / Kaju)
Common / Alternative Names:
Cashew, Kaju, Cashew Nut Tree
Family:
Anacardiaceae
Raw Material Type:
Seeds (Kernels), Nutshell Liquid (CNSL), Leaves, Bark; Cashew Kernels, Kernel Powder, Cashew Apple Powder, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL), Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Healthy fats (Oleic & Linoleic acids), Plant proteins, Polyphenols, Anacardic acids (CNSL), Cardol, Cardanol, Vitamins (E, B-complex), Minerals (Magnesium, Zinc, Iron)

Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. (Sessile Joyweed / Ponnanganni)
Common / Alternative Names:
Sessile Joyweed, Ponnanganni, Matsyakshi, Garundi (regional)
Family:
Amaranthaceae
Raw Material Type:
Whole Plant, Leaves; Fresh Herb, Dried Herb Powder, Leaf Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Alkaloids (trace), Saponins, Vitamins (A, C, B-complex), Minerals (Iron, Calcium), Dietary fiber

Alpinia galanga (Greater Galangal / Kulanjan)
Common / Alternative Names:
Greater Galangal, Kulanjan, Thai Galangal, Blue Ginger
Family:
Zingiberaceae
Raw Material Type:
Rhizomes; Fresh Rhizome, Dried Rhizome Slices, Rhizome Powder, Essential Oil, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Essential oils (1,8-Cineole, Galangol, α-Pinene), Diarylheptanoids (Galangin), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Terpenoids

Allium stracheyi (Jambu / Himalayan Chives)
Common / Alternative Names:
Jambu, Himalayan Chives, Faran (regional), Wild Himalayan Garlic
Family:
Amaryllidaceae (formerly Alliaceae)
Raw Material Type:
Leaves, Bulbs; Fresh Leaves, Dried Leaf Powder, Bulb Powder, Aqueous Extract, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Standardized Herbal/Nutritional Extract
Key Active Constituents (Typical):
Organosulfur compounds (thiosulfinates), Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Volatile sulfur oils, Vitamins (A, C), Minerals (Iron, Calcium)